Hi, everyone, and welcome to this new class in aerospace engineering, in this new section, we will
be discussing the classification of aircraft.
We will start in this class with general aviation.
General aircraft and General Aviation are related to all of those aircraft, which do not have commercially
scheduled air purposes.
All right.
So this would exclude most of the commercial aircraft and all airlines right that we can think about.
General aviation is more focused to different types of light aircraft, which include business jets.
Any aircraft related to flight training, recreational or just flying clubs in general.
Now.
General Aviation can be, of course, divided into several types of aircraft.
We will make a small distinction between utility aircraft and private jets just to keep this brief.
So utility aircraft emerged during the early 20th century, already before the First World War.
Of course, as you may know, the first and second world wars were very effective catalyzes to the development
of aerospace technology due to the huge military budgets.
This led to a solid background for non-military purposed aircraft to emerge during the 1950s and so
on.
Utility aircraft do not have any military purposes.
OK, this is very relevant, and so you can imagine, but greatly benefited.
OK.
All of these aircraft benefited from the advancement of technologies during these wars.
Utility aircraft are multi-purpose and can be produced and bought, usually at relatively low prices.
So one of the most recognizable utility aircraft is this Cessna 172, which started production already
in 1955.
So as you can see, utility aircraft grew in popularity already during the second part of the 1950s.
As mentioned before, the Cessna 172 is the main iconic image of utility aircraft, OK, and continues
to this day to be the most produced aircraft in history.
Private jets, on the other hand.
Are quite interesting, right?
They emerged in 1957 when the first private jet, which is Lockheed Jetstar, was developed, which
is the jet over here.
Right.
And during the 1960s and 70s, business jets became increasingly popular since, as you may know, countries
were richer.
And is this economic growth translated to new needs for armed forces government purposes and even for
those wealthy individuals?
OK?
Just take into account.
The general aviation does not relate directly to military purposes, but rather perhaps was useful for
military purposes.
OK, on some stage.
So here you will see a few designs of general aircraft, what they look like, OK, including business
jets such as the Gulfstream G550, the Cessna 172.
You know, the extra 330 AC, OK.
And so and so many others note, for instance, that the type of engine of these aircraft?
OK.
In this case, as you can see, these are turbofan.
Right?
Whereas in the case of the other aircraft that are shown here, OK, the three of them are actually
engines which are piston based.
Such as the Lycoming
Of the Cessna, which is actually just a four Pistons engine, which is really interesting, and the
way in which these engines are cooled actually is through the air, right?
Which are which is different to what you would see in cars or other ground vehicles that would use refrigerants
liquids.
This, as you can imagine, right using the air as the refrigerant is done to reduce the weight of the
aircraft, of course, and as well as optimally making use of the air surrounding the aircraft, right?
So I just found this image of these, the H-4, which I found really interesting, which is this image
was actually took, was taken in 1919.
And as you can see, large numbers of the age force were actually used to operate scheduled passenger
services in Europe, right?
So this was a military aircraft and was repurposed for civil interests.
OK.
This is an interesting way of visualizing how military actually had an impact on aircraft being developed,
doing or being used right after the Second World War.
So this would be all for this class.
Thanks for your attention.
I think we can now move to the next class.